The Sentence Structure

The sentence defined
A sentence is a combination of words that makes complete sense.It contains the idea.

• The pilot flew the plane through the clouds successfully.
  Razia played but we studied.
  The students will come when you call them.
  The people obey an able leader,as the country progresses,which results into prosperity.

The subject & the predicate
The subject and the predicate make up the sentence.

1. The subject
The subject is the person or thing about which something is said.
2. The predicate
The predicate is the part of the sentence which tells something about the subject.

Subject Razia we The students you The people the country which

Predicate played(while) studied. will come(when) call them. obey an able leader(as) progresses results in prosperity.

Subject Some leaders that Everyone None of the students

Predicate play dirty tricks push the people in backwardness. should be able to study, work,earn and succeed. has a right because of the terrorist situation.

Active & passive voice
A verb is in the active voice when its subject acts-when the subject does something(to its object).
A verb in the passive voice when its subject is acted on.

• Active:Able leaders should guide the country well.
• Passive:The country should be guided well by able leaders.

Where "the country should be guided well" is predicate while "able leaders" is subject.
Linking &helping verb & complements

1. The linking verb
It connects a noun or pronoun with words that describe the noun or pronoun.
• This well is deep.Those students were scholars.
• The verb,is, links the adjective,deep to the noun,well.In the second sentence,the verb,were, links the descriptive noun,scholars,to the noun,students.
2. Auxiliary or helping verbs
A helping verb helps the main verb to complete its meaning.
• (a)He was ruling yesterday,today he is begging.(b)We shall be leaving for Kaghan in a day or two.
• In (a) "was" helps "ruling" and "is" helps "begging."In (b) "shall,be" help "leaving."
It may be noted that one or more helping verbs and the main verb together form a verb phrase. Here "was ruling,""is begging" and "shall be leaving" are verb phrases.
3. Verbs of incomplete predication and complements
(a)The sense is sometimes complete with a verb in a sentence.
• The children cried.(intransitive verb)He plays tennis.(transitive verb)
(b)There are verbs which require additional words to complete their meaning.These words are called complements or completers. (c)The verbs requiring complements are called verbs of incomplete predication.
• She gave them presents.They look happy.
• The transitive verb "gave" requires "presents," complement.The intransitive verb "look" requires "happy," complement.
• She is a teacher."Is" requires "a teacher," the complement.