The greatest gift of human rationality is morality.The establishment of "morality" is based on the recognition that every human has general set of basic needs to lead a life free of physical and psychological suffering in Moral Relativism,Moral Diversity and Human Rights,James Kellenberger addresses different sorts of theories of morality, such as moral absolutism, moral pluralism and moral relativism. Before I take any position on the issues raised by the differences between these various approaches, I need to offer a definition of morality.Morality, in the context of these different kinds of theories, can be defined only descriptively in relation to its purpose and to its function.Metaphysical questions such as "Is morality an absolute truth?" (which are not in the scope of this essay) are in fact, beyond comprehension by mere reasoning and argumentation.People can only try to provide different answers based on their own assumptions,faiths,experiences and intuitions.Thus, morality, in the most practical sense, is a tool or way of life used to promote the common good of human beings and eliminate harmful actions that bring negative consequences in life, goals based on the principal of reciprocity and empathy, and a set of universally recognized human needs and capabilities.
In line with such grounding, I find that among different types of moral theories,moral pluralism can best serve the universal needs and well being of human kind.Pluralism recognizes that there is a plurality of moral points of view, no one is clearly superior to another.Yet, it insists on a certain set of context-independent values and an objectivity in judging value conflicts that is not determined by group's conventions or individual attitudes.However, the pluralistic nature of this theory and the fact that no complete objectivity is possible could be sources of its fallacies when it is put into practice.No one can be completely objective in their judgments because every human being possesses different perceptions and principles of life that contribute to personal bias.
Thus, to avoid these possible sources of error, moral pluralism needs to be governed by three principles:
1)an unambiguous categorization of moral values.
2)the establishment of a minimalist common ground, and
3)a flexibility with regard to the prioritization of moral values.
Positive moral values are important because they allow you to have an overall feeling of peace and joy.Moral values can give meaning and purpose to your life.You are able to direct your behavior towards beneficial and fulfilling activities.
Thus, the bonds that you form with others will also be more fulfilling when you live your life according to the moral values.
Lastly, it is also important to incorporate the moral value of forgiveness in your life.Forgiveness allows you to move past hurtful or damaging situations.It allows you to abandon feelings of anger or resentment against others or yourself.You can be emotionally healthy when you practice forgiveness because it keeps you from holding onto pain and resentment.
In conclusion, moral values are extremely important for your overall well-being.Moral values provide a structure for your life.Honesty makes you respectable.
