Processing and distribution of data through computers,telecommunications and digital electronics is called information technology.This is an age of information technology.The world has changed into a global village.Easy access to all kinds of data across the world is the fruit of information technology.This is the most leading technology of the present age.The following are the means that are used in information technology.
Computer is the most important equipment used in it.A computer is a collection of simple machines whose activities are coordinated by a central control unit.These machines can read information and store this information for later use.Mother board,processor,ram,monitor,key board,mouse,CD ROM, and floppy derives are the main components of a computer.
As life become speedy and quick,the importance of computer has increased.It is being used in every field of life.In industry,it keeps a record of goods,cost and output.It provides a great deal of help in engineering.It designs buildings of all kinds.It gives information about the best material to be used.In medicine,it assists to perform various tests,diagnoses diseases and prescribes medicine.In space,sea and earth explorations,it has performed wonders.It collects information of various heavenly bodies,their properties, and atmospheric conditions.It tells us about the treasures hidden deep within the earth's crust and in the depth of seas.In the field of education it has performed wonders.It collects information for us from the most remote parts of the world.
Data processing is the analysis of data by using one or more computer programs.It is widely used in business,engineering,science and many other fields.Data processing is of two kinds I.E. Database processing and transaction processing.A database is a collection of common records stored in a computer.It can be searched,accessed and modified.Bank account records are the examples of such a data.Transaction processing refers to the sharing of data between computers.In this process one computer can access the data stored in other computers.
Internet is a global information system.It works through many interconnected computer networks.Each network may link tens,hundreds,or even thousands of computers.These computers share information with one another.The internet has enabled people all over the world to effectively communicate with one another.They make information available to others and find information provided by others.
Information technology is a wonderful invention of modern science.Besides computers,it also includes telephone,television,radio,wireless,email,fax,the internet etc.Being one of the important inventions of information technology, television can not only send message but also telecast live moving events,cinemas,dramas,music,dance and many other entertaining programs.
Telecommunications means the sending and receiving of messages over distances.It consists of devices and systems that transmit electronic signals across long distances.The common devices of telecommunications are telephone,radio, and television.Telecommunications enables people around the world to contact one another,to access information instantly, and to communicate from remote areas.
Information technology is a fundamental change which is taking place in the nature and application of technology in business.This change has profound and far-reaching implications for an organization.Information technology is driven by the demands of the new competition business environment on the one hand and profound changes in the nature of computers in the other.Information technology systems come in the shape of many technologically advanced devices which help deliver important information to managers who in turn,use this information to make crucial decision regarding the operations of their organization.This information technology can come in the form of computers,robots,sensors, and decision support systems.The newest form of information technology which is being implemented on the market today is the use of handhelds to aid managers and subordinates in their day to day operations.Is information technology flawless?Information technology is revolutionizing how business operates.Advanced information technology is becoming the single-most powerful force shaping the structure and functioning of work organizations,plants,offices, and executive suits.However,this revolution has not been without casualties,such as systems not running as they were supposed to,millions of dollars lost in downtime and missed opportunities,as well as computer systems that intended to expand creativity productivity instead turned around and made unwanted organizational responses and remained sluggish.These information technology systems usually fall short of their potential due to the failure to understand and manage the mutual influences of technology and organization throughout the extended implementation process.In recent years,many corporations have made major investments in the area of information technology.Despite these large investments,productivity and efficiency gains related to it have been disappointing at times for many organizations.
